For a festive Christmas, plant red and white cyclamen, and/or poinsettias. The poinsettias are frost sensitive, so cover with burlap if the temperature dips below freezing at night. Along the same line, in those areas where frosts are just an occasional thing, keep plantings well-watered so whenever a freeze threatens, plants are more likely to survive. A "turgid" well-hydrated plant is better-equipped to recover than a dehydrated plant. Continue to rake leaves, clean drains, and water only if the dry Santa Ana winds blow and zap moisture from the soil or if more than 10 days pass without rain. Look at your soil to verify it is starting to become dry or you see stress in your turf before turning on irrigation. Do not prune tender cold sensitive plants, but now you can prune deciduous fruit trees.  After pruning them, spray with dormant oil to prevent fungal diseases and pest problems.  If you hadn’t pruned your trees in the fall, and before winter storms do too much damage, now is the best time to prune pines, and most shade trees can safely be trimmed as well.  Plus, it’s easier to see what you’re doing when the leaves have gone during dormancy. Remove weak or cracked limbs, and open up the canopies so wind and rain can pass through them, but never remove more than twenty percent of the canopy and avoid lion tailing (stripping leaves from the branch only to leave some at the tip.)  If the trees are big, hire a licensed tree trimmer supervised by a certified arborist. Find one by visiting www.isa-arbor.com. If plants get hit by frost, resist the urge to prune away injured tissue. The damaged parts will protect inner growth from additional harm should there be another frost. (Once spring growth appears, you can cut off damaged areas above it.) If you purchased bulbs like tulips, hyacinths, crocus, and daffodils in the fall, and gave them some cold treatment in the refrigerator, plant them now. They will erupt in spring and your patience will be rewarded. Similarly, if you have not planted your wildflower seeds, get it done now. Bonus Tip: Bare root plants will start to appear in home centers next month. Smart gardeners will go now to specialty stores and pre-order harder to find and unique varieties of bare root trees and shrubs, roses, and even vegetables for planting next month.

In November, it is time for our final lawn Fertilizer application this year. Use a product that has a good dose of potassium and phosphorus to support root health like 16-6-8 or similar. Now that the weather has finally cooled and we are watering less, you will notice that your grass is growing more slowly. It is growing so much more slowly in fact, that we can reduce mowing frequency to once every other week instead of weekly and edging every six weeks will be sufficient. You can continue on this pace until spring. The time you save from mowing may need to be spent raking. Clean up leaves as they fall to prevent mildew and fungus spores from spreading. Continue planting perennials, ground covers, herbs, roses, trees, and shrubs; don’t worry it is not too late. Oddly you may get some of your best rose blooms this month. But stop fertilizing to encourage them to go dormant for a couple of months in January and February. They need the rest, and you need them to go dormant to hard prune.   If we do get rain, it is time to plant native wildflowers such as California poppies. Do not worry, you can plant them in December or January as well, but want to time it with the wet weather.   Remember to turn off the irrigation system if it does rain, or better yet, turn off the system a day before if the forecast calls for a 75% or better chance of rain the next day.  With the damp mornings, watch for snails and slugs. As needed, set out pet safe baits.  Water your established shrubs and trees if there’s no rainfall for more than a week and a half. Even if there is no rain at all, we only need to water 2-3 times a week, and 5-9 minutes per station. Inspect drains, and make sure you are prepared for the coming wet weather; I promise we will eventually get some rain.  Bonus Tip: Backyard garden enthusiasts, plant strawberries in the first half of the month for maximum fruit harvest. Space plants 1 foot apart in rich, loose soil in full sun. The “straw” in the name comes from an old practice of mulching around the berries with straw to prevent the berries from rotting on the soil. Use garden cloths instead for your home garden. Better yet, just be diligent in picking, and expect a few lost fruits.